Dinebra retroflexa (Vahl) Panz., Ideen Rev. Gräser 20. 1813; Boiss., Fl. Or. 5: 557. 1884; Blatter & McCann, Bombay Grasses 264. 1935; Bor, Grasses Burma, Ceyl. Ind. Pak. 491. 1960; Sharma & Khosla, Grasses Punj. and Chandigarh 70. 1989; Kaur & Sharma, Fl. Sirmaur 663. 2004; Fl. China @ eFloras.org 22: 470; Fl. Pak. @ eFloras.org p. 79; Cynosurus retroflexus Vahl, Symb. Bot. 2: 20. 1791.

Annual, up to 1 m tall, loosely tufted. Culms erect or geniculately ascending green or purplish green, rooting at lower nodes. Leaf blades linear, flaccid, 5-20 cm x 3-8 mm, finely acuminate, glabrous or sparsely hairy; leaf sheaths loose, glabrous or with scattered hairs; ligule membranous, lacerate. Inflorescence 6-20 cm long, narrowly elliptic-oblong to pyramidal, open. Racemes solitary or in fascicles of 2 or more along central axis, 1-4 cm long, stiff, ascending when young, deflexing and finally deciduous from the axis at maturity; rachis flattened, narrowly winged. Spikelets: All similar, sessile to subsessile, 4-5 mm long, narrowly cuneate, laterally compressed, 2-seriate, alternate, closely overlapping, 2-3-flowered. Glumes longer than florets, subequal, upper glume as long as the spikelet, lower smaller than the upper, narrowly elliptic with caudate diverging tips, keeled, keel scabrid, minutely glandular. Florets ca. 2 mm long, bisexual. Lemmas ovate-oblong, ca. 2 mm long, hyaline, subacute, 1-nerved. Palea shorter than lemma, hyaline, 2-keeled, keels scabrid. Stamens 3; anthers ca. 0.3 m long. Caryopsis ovate or elliptic-ovate, 1-1.5 mm x 0.5-0.6 mm, light brown.

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